Process of and apparatus for preparing crude oil for distillation.



Patented June 4, 1918.

J. 0. JENSEN.

PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR PREPARING'CRUDE OIL FOR DISTILLATION. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 24. 1911. 1,268,721.

J. 0. JENSEN.

PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR PREPARING CRUDE OIL FOR DISTILLATION- APPLICATION FILED FEB. 24, l ll- P te 4: o a 11 11116 1, 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- Q 1K A I w H 2 j g Q ---2.9 I I 1 f .6 Y {y -Y 31 I I lvsuron Br (a:

4 from .the crude .oili'prior to the mns o. Jansen, on NEW roan, N. Y.

PBOGESS OF -AND APPARATUS FOR PREFABING CRUDE OIL FOE IDISTHILATION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 2 1917. Serial No. 156,662.

speed of distillation. My present invention.

is a process and an apparatus, whereby'I am able to remove all of the water and crude naphtha and similar low boiling fractions elivery of said oil .to the still, or prior to the delivery of said oil to, a storage tank, where it may be "retained to await later distillation. I

have built a commercial plant, substantially My process consists broadly in first heatin the crudeoil to a temperature above the boilin oint of water,-and preferably above 400 elm, and then delivering said heated oil to an evaporator, wherein it is caused to form thin films or sheets All of the water and most of the low boiling fractions are thus evaporated, the vapor passing oflz'flto a suitable condenser. After the evaporation, the crude oil leaves the evaporator at a temperature of about 40? Fahr. below the temperature at which it enters said evaporator, and may then pass either directly to a still, or first to a storage tank, and then to a still, as desired. In either case, however,

the temperature of the oil must be main tained above the boiling point of water., -;1

' Where the crude oil contains cons1dera ble" low boiling fractions which may not allftbe removed by one evaporation, I sub1ect' the oil coming from the first evaporatorto a second evaporation for the removal of whatever of said fractions may remain in From the second evaporator the vapor is taken to the condenser, as before, while the crude oil, as before, goes to the storage tank,

or to the still directly, as may be desired.

The vapors from the condenser are conduoted to a separate storage tank.

Patented June a, rare. I

While the oil is in the storage tank,.it is important that its tempcrature-a1though above the boiling ploint of water-should be less than that of t e flash point of said oil.

To this end, I cool the accumulated oil in the tank by an exchange of temperature be-- tween said oil and the cold oil' flow coming from the source of supply to the heating means, and thus utilize the excess temperature exlsting in the tank.

In order to maintain the temperature of 1 the oil in the storage tank above the boiling point of water, I provide means for heat insulating the tank, or for directly heating the contents, as hereinafter described.

For carrymg'my process into practical effect, I have devised an apparatus which is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, of

which Figure 1 is a general diagrammatic view. Fig. 2 shows the heater for crude oil partly in vertical longitudinalsection and partly in side elevation. Fig- .3 'is an elevation of the evaporator, withthe upper'po'rtion of the casing removed to show'the intertionof the storage tank on the; line Y, Y of Fig. 5.- Fig. .5 is a vertical section of said tank on the line X, X of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the delivery end of pipe end in trough form.

Similar letters and numbers of reference indicate like parts.

The crude oil is pumped to the heater A through the pipe 1 which is connected to the source of supply. Said heater comprises tube system ,byelbows 9. Said elbows are outside-ofsaid casing and on opposite sides thereof. The crude oil entering from pipe 1 passes upwardly through the tubes 8 on .nal construction. Fig. 4 is a horizontal sec- 6 within the evaporator, and showing said A it will be observed that the Projecting into the container from the bottom wall 16 thereof is a spider the arms of which rise from the said bottom wall and conver e to support the sleeve 26 of the spider axlally of the container. At its lower end this sleeve is preferablyconnected with the said bottom wall. Shdably= fitted through the spider sleeve 26 as well as through the cap 18 of the container 15 is an axially arranged valve stem 27. This valve stem projects freely through the bottom wall'16and at its lower end carries a valve 28 adapted to overlie the discharge openings 17 in the said bottom wall. The valve 28 may be formed of leather or other suitable material and support' the said valve is a metallic washer 29 hel by a cotter-pin or other suitable fastenin device 30 fitted through the lower end .0 the valve stem for connectingthe washer and valve thereto; Surrounding the valve stem within the container 15 is a helical spring 31. One end of this spring bears against a washer 32 carried by-the valve stem to rest a inst the spider 25 while the opposite end 0 the said spring engages a similar washer 33 heldupon the valve stem by a cotter pin or other suitable fastening device 34, Thus spring 31 will normally maintain the valve 28 closed.

As will now be readily understood, the container- 15 may, by simply removing the cap 18, be filled with a lubricant. When it is desired to introduce a portion of the lubricant into the crank caselof the engine this result may be readily accomplished by simply depressing the /alve 27 to unseat the valve 28 when the lubricant will flow through the discharge openings 17 of the container into the discharge pipe 19 and through the breather pipe 11 to release of the va ve stem, the valve 28 will be immediately vclosed by the spring 31. This provides a very simple and convenient arrangement for lubricating the engine while at the same time the container 15 will form an auxiliary reservoir for the engine lubri cant. Removably fitted within the discharge pipe to rest upon the shoulder 20 thereof is a suitable screen 36 adapted to strain the lubricant as it passes into the engine crank case. Iaorder that air may be admitted to the engine crank case, the discharge pipe 19 is, at a point slightly below the bottom wall 16 of the container, rovided with a series of circumferentia 1y spaced openin 37 through which the engine may free y breathe and arranged to overhang the said openings is aguard flange 38. This flange -is preferablyintegral with the discharge a pipe and will tehcl us prevent dirt or other the discharge pipe'to thencebe d foreign matter from finding its I Way into iwn into the engine crank case. Furtheiinore, the

screen 36 will also perform-a function in the engmecrank case. Upon the associated with the same time the device is of such nature that,

it may be readily applied to a conventional engine of the Ford type without the necessity. for any structural change therein.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is: I p

1.- The combination with an internal combustion engine having a breather pipe, of a lubricator for the engine includingla container, a discharge pipe extendin therefrom and connected with the breather pipe to support the container thereon, the said discharge pipe being formed with an opening admitting air into the breather pipe, and means associated with the container for controlling the flow of a lubricant from the 7 container into the breather pipe.

2. A lubricator of the character described including a container, a discharge pipe extending therefrom and provided with an opening, and a valve carried by the container for controlling the flow of a lubricant therefrom into the said discharge pipe,

the discharge pipe being adapted for operative connection with the crank case of an engine for supplying lubricant thereto upon the actuation of the said valve with the said opening disposed to admit air into the'fengine crank case.

7 3. A lubricator for internal combustion engines including a container, a discharge pipe extending therefrom, the said container belng formed with abottom wall providedwith an opening communicating with the discharge pipe, a spider rising from the said bottom wall, a valve stem shdable through the said spider, a valve carried by the valve stem to seat against said bottom wall and close the said opening and yieldable means valve for normally urging the valve to closed position. 1

4. A lubricator of the character described including a'container, a discharge ipe extending therefrom, binding means a j ustable upon the discharge pipe, and means associated with the container for controlling the flow of a lubricant from the container into the discharge -pipe,.-the said discharge pipe being adapted to fit within an engine breather pipe having a fastening device engaging the said discharge pipe for connecting the lubricator with the breather pipe with the said first mentioned means coacting with the breathcrpipe for binding the said discharge pipe in engagement with the said fastening device.

A lubricator of the character described including a container, a discharge pipe ex;

to the desired temperature above the boiling point of water.

In order to' prevent the temperature of .the oil accumulated in tank D from falling ,5 below the boiling point of water, I may make: the casing of said tank double, with .an intervening space 28 .between the .side

and top walls. Where the conditions are j such as that the heat insulation of the tank is suflicient to prevent the above notedloss of temperature during thetime the accumulated oil remains in tank D before going to the still,.I may fill. the space 28 .with'any heat insulating material-such as magnesia,

or ashes. Where it is desirable directly to heat the oil in tank D, I may cause a hot gassuch as live 'steam-to circulate through said space, entering, for example,-

by inlet 29, and escaping by outlet 30; or I may introduce a plurality of loop ducts 31 (three here shown) into the tank, said ducts having their ends connected to a pipe 32, through which steam or hot gas may be caused to pass. Each duct has valves 33, 34:

outside the casing, and between the duct ends and in pipe 32 -is a valve 35. The valves 33, 31,. 35 are operated in the same way as valves 25, 26, 27 to cause the current in pipe 32 'to' pass through one or more ducts 30 31 at will, and so regulate the heating effect of the steam.

The tubes 8 of heater- A may be greaten, in length than the width of the heater, and, therefore, by disconnecting the elbows 9, U

each .tube, in case of injury, may be separately drawn out from the heater casing.

For the purpose of regulating the temperature in heater A, I may .provlde a valve pipe aas, for example, at Nfor con- 40 trolling the supply of oil to the burners 12; or instead of said valve, I may substitute any known automatic device for regulating the flow of said oil to said burner. I 1 I 01311115" i 1. The process of preparing crude oil for distillation, which consists in heating said oil to a temperature above 400jFahr.', re-

, moving the water and Ion boiling fractions therefrom, and delivering said oil to the still .50 at a temperature above 212 Fahr.

2'; The process of preparing crude oil for .distillation, which consists in heating said oil to a temperature above 400 Fahr., evaporating water and low boiling fractions therefrom, subjecting said oil to a second 7 evaporation to remove any low boiling fraction therein remaining, and delivering said oil to the still ,at a temperatureabove 212 Fahr.

3. "The process'of preparing crude oil for distillation, which consists in, first, subjecting a clirrent of crude oilto a temperature above the boiling point ;-of 'water, second,

evaporating water and low boiling fractions from said heated oil, third, accumulating .heated oil, a tank receiving said oil from distillation, which consists in, first, heating said oil to a temperature abovethe boiling point of water, second, evaporating water and low boiling fractions from said heated oil, third, accumulating said oil in a receptacle at a temperature above the boiling point of water, and, fourth, cooling said accumulated oil to a temperature still above the boiling point of water but below the flash point of said oil.

5. Anapparatus for preparing crude oil, for distillation, comprising means for heating said oil, means for evaporating water 1 and low boiling fractions from said heated oil, a tank receiving said oil from said evaporatinggneans, and means for maintaining said 011 in said tank at a temperature above the boiling point of water.

6. An apparatus for preparing crude oil for distillation, comprising means for heating said oil, an evaporator receiving said heated oil from said heating means, a tank receiving said oil from said evaporator, and means disposed within said tank for heating said oil. 1

7. An apparatus for preparing crude oil for distillation, comprising means for heating said oil, an evaporator receiving said heated oil from said heating means, a tank receiving said oil from said evaporator, and a jacket on the exterior of said tank.

8. An apparatus'for' preparing crude oil for distillation, comprising means for heating said oil to a temperature above the boil- 'ing point of water, means for evaporating water and low boiling fractions from said said evaporating means, and means for cooling the oil accumulated in said tank.

'9. An apparatus forpreparing crude oil for distillation, comprising means for heating said oil, means for evaporating water and low boiling fractions from said heated oil, a tank receiving said voil from said evaporating means, and-means in sald tank 7 for cooling the oil therein.

10.- A11 v pparatus for preparing crude oil for distillation, comprising a conduit for oil circulation, a heater for saidoil receiving said oil from said conduit,an evaporator for removing water and 10W boiling fractions from said heated oil, a tank receiving said oil from said evaporator, and a duct within said tank connected to. said conduit for circulating' cold oil through said accumulated oil to cool the same. 4

1'1..An apparatus'for preparing crude oil for distillation, comprising a conduit for for directing the flow ofsaid cold oil through 10 oil circulation, a heater for said oil receiving one or more of said ducts.

said oil from said conduit, an evaporator. In' testimony 'whereof I have aflixed my for removing water and low boiling frac-. signature in presence of two witnesses.

tions from said heated oil, a tank receiving 7 JENS O. JENSEN. said oil from said evaporator, a plurality Witnesses:

of ducts within said tank connected to said, GERTRUDE T. Pomn,

conduit for circulatin 001d oil through said MAY T. MCGARRY- accumulated oil to 000 the same. and means 

